British Isles Cruise

 Travel Planning for Family British Isles Cruise

Regal Princess, June 24 – July 7, 2023
Planning Teams: Red - Stephen, Lisa, James; White - Burt, Marlene; Blue - Danny, Petra

Overview

Time	Day	Date	Activities	Country/City Location	Transit/Lodging/ Teams	Notes
9:25 PM	Fri	6/23	Depart	Detroit	Delta DL18 WHITE	Confirmation #F6ZYTA
10:00 AM	Sat	6/24	Arrive	Heathrow
11:00 AM	Sat	6/24	Transit	London	Underground Train (Tube) RED	Transfer to Victoria Station, On site train purchase
2:00PM	Sat	6/24	Check-in	London	Comfort Inn Victoria WHITE	Earlier check-in may be possible, walk around London
7:30 AM	Sun	6/25	Transfer	London	Coach  BLUE	Windsor Castle, Southampton transfer, hotel pickup
3:00 PM	Sun	6/25	Boarding	Southampton	Regal Princess	Underway at 5:00 PM
7:00 AM	Mon	6/26	In port	Guernsey	BLUE	Walk around on our own
9:00 AM	Tue	6/27	In port	Cork	WHITE	Blarney Castle & Kinsale (Private excursion)
7:00 AM	Wed	6/28	At anchor	Dublin	BLUE	Self-tour with Day Pass options (Private excursion)
8:00 AM	Thu	6/29	In port	Liverpool	RED	Hop on bus or self-tour (Private excursion)
8:00nAM	Fri	6/30	In port	Belfast	WHITE	Giants Causeway Day Tour (Private excursion)
7:00 AM	Sat	7/1	In port	Glasgow	BLUE	Cathedral / Highlights (Ship excursion)
	Sun	7/2	Onboard	At sea	WHITE	Sabatini’s restaurant reservation for 5:30 PM
7:00 AM	Mon	7/3	In port	Invergordon	RED	Easy Loch Ness Scenic Cruise (Ship excursion)
7:00 AM	Tue	7/4	At anchor	Edinburgh	BLUE	Easy Edinburgh & National Museum (Ship excursion)
	Wed	7/5	Onboard	At sea		------
7:00 AM	Thu	7/6	In port	Paris/Normandy	RED	Normandy Beaches (Ship Exc.)
6:00 AM	Fri	7/7	Arrive	Southampton	Coach, WHITE	Transfer to Heathrow airport
2:40 PM	Fri	7/7	Depart	Heathrow	(Delta) VS5993	Heathrow to JFK (layover) to Detroit
9:53 PM	Fri	7/7	Arrive	Detroit	(Delta) 9E 5314

 

Details

Saturday, June 24

Heathrow Airport to Victoria Station
London Underground: You can take the Piccadilly Line of the London Underground from Heathrow Airport directly to Victoria Station, with a journey time of approximately 40-50 minutes. The cost of a one-way ticket on the London Underground starts from £6 per person ($8.28).

Comfort Inn Victoria: 18-24 Belgrave Road, Westminster Borough, London, Phone: +44 20 7233 6636, Booking Confirmation #2524.141.363 Pin Code 0080

Walking Tour of London (ChatGPT)
Here is a 3-hour self-guided walking tour of London that you can start at 1:00 PM, beginning and ending at Comfort Inn Victoria on Belgrave Road in Westminster Borough.

1:00 PM - Start at Comfort Inn Victoria
1:15 PM - Buckingham Palace Start by heading southeast on Belgrave Road towards Buckingham Palace. This is the official residence of the Queen of England and has been since 1837. Watch the Changing of the Guard ceremony that usually happens at 11:00 AM, but if you missed it, you can still see the palace from outside and take photos of the palace gates.
1:45 PM - St. James's Park After visiting Buckingham Palace, head to St. James's Park, one of the most beautiful parks in London. The park is home to many different types of wildlife, including pelicans, and has stunning views of the surrounding area.
2:15 PM - Houses of Parliament From St. James's Park, head north to Houses of Parliament. Here you can see the iconic Big Ben and take a walk along the River Thames.
2:45 PM - Westminster Abbey After exploring the Houses of Parliament, walk a short distance to Westminster Abbey. This is where many of England's monarchs have been crowned and buried, including Elizabeth I and Mary, Queen of Scots.
3:15 PM - Trafalgar Square From Westminster Abbey, head to Trafalgar Square, a popular public square in the heart of London. Here you can see the famous Nelson's Column, the National Gallery, and the Fourth Plinth art installation.
3:45 PM - Covent Garden From Trafalgar Square, walk east to Covent Garden. This is a great place to grab a bite to eat or do some shopping in the many shops and markets.
4:15 PM - End of Tour After exploring Covent Garden, head back to Comfort Inn Victoria to end your tour.

Sunday, June 25

Transfer from Comfort Inn to Southampton Cruise Terminal and Regal Princess

London & Heathrow to Southampton via Windsor Castle, Booking #150532, 7:30 AM.

You will be driven in an air-conditioned touring coach from London to Southampton Cruise Terminals, via the world-famous Windsor Castle.

After pick up from your London or Heathrow address, we will make our way to Windsor Castle, where over 900 years of royal history await you. Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest continuously occupied castle in the world and official home of our present King, Charles III. Here, you will have a chance to visit the lavish state apartments, the Grand Reception Room and the Royal Chapel of St George, which serves as the resting place of many of our Kings and Queens, and also provided the setting for the 2018 royal wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle.

After our visit to Windsor Castle, we begin the journey to Southampton, a journey of approximately 90 - 120 minutes. When we arrive in Southampton, you will walk straight to the check-in desk. Porters will take care of your luggage, ensuring it is delivered to your cabin. Please make sure you use the luggage label in your cruise pack to facilitate this. We plan to drop you at your cruise terminal between 1:30pm – 2:00pm.

Monday, June 26

Guernsey, St. Peter Port, 7:00 AM - 4:00 PM, Water Shuttle
Self-guided walking tour around the area of St Peter Port.

Start your tour at the Guernsey Information Centre in the heart of St. Peter Port, usually no more than a few hundred meters away from the tender pier. Here you can pick up a map and get information on the area's attractions and events.

From there, head towards the harbor and take a stroll along the waterfront, admiring the beautiful boats and yachts moored in the harbor. Take a look at the old sea wall and the bustling markets selling fresh produce, flowers, and handmade crafts.

Next, make your way to Castle Cornet, a magnificent fortification built on a rocky outcrop overlooking the harbor. This impressive fortress dates back to the 13th century and has served as a defensive stronghold, a prison, and a royal residence over the centuries. Take a guided tour of the castle to learn more about its fascinating history and take in the stunning views from its ramparts.

After visiting the castle, walk up the hill to the charming old town, filled with cobbled streets and narrow alleys lined with quaint shops and cafes. Make sure to visit the stunning St. Peter Port Church, a beautiful Gothic church that dates back to the 14th century. The church features striking stained glass windows and a peaceful interior.

From there, head to Candie Gardens, a beautiful park with a mix of tropical and local plant life. Take a walk around the gardens, admiring the beautiful flowers and foliage, and be sure to visit the Guernsey Museum, located in a historic mansion within the park. The museum showcases the island's rich history, from prehistoric times to the present day.

Finally, end your tour at the Guernsey Aquarium, located near the harbor. This fascinating aquarium features a variety of local marine life, including colorful fish, sharks, and sea turtles. Take a stroll through the exhibits and learn about the island's diverse marine ecosystem.

The length of this self-guided walking tour around the area of St Peter Port will depend on your pace and the amount of time you spend at each attraction. However, it's estimated that the tour will take approximately 3-4 hours to complete, including time for breaks and exploring each attraction.

The distances between the attractions on this tour are relatively short, with the majority of the sites located within a 1-2 km radius of each other. Here's a rough estimate of the distances between each attraction:

Guernsey Information Centre to the harbor: approximately 300 meters
Harbor to Castle Cornet: approximately 600 meters
Castle Cornet to St. Peter Port old town: approximately 800 meters
St. Peter Port old town to Candie Gardens: approximately 1.2 km
Candie Gardens to Guernsey Aquarium: approximately 600 meters
Please note that these distances are approximate and may vary depending on your specific route and any detours you may take along the way.

Tuesday, June 27

Cork (Cobh), 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM

Kinsale & Blarney Castle, Private Shore Tour, Butler Tours Booking #1786-659/1

Start time - 8:00 AM or 30 minutes after disembarkation

Kiss The World Famous Blarney Stone
Explore The Amazing Blarney Castle & Gardens
Shop/Dine At The Iconic Woolen Mills
Driving Tour Through Cork City
See Castles, Forts, Towers, Cathedrals, and Amazing Scenery
Free Time For Lunch & Exploring In The Charming Village Of Kinsale
Visit The Spectacular St. Colemans Cathedral

 

Wednesday, June 28

Dublin (Dun Laoghair), 7:00 AM - 7:00 PM, Water Shuttle

Self-guided walking tour around the area of Dun Laoghair

Dun Laoghaire is a picturesque coastal town just south of Dublin City! This self-guided walking tour will take you through some of the area's most charming and historic spots.

Start your tour at the Dun Laoghaire Pier, a stunning Victorian structure that extends over 1 km into the Irish Sea. Take a stroll along the pier, enjoying the fresh sea air and views of Dublin Bay. On a clear day, you can see the mountains of Wicklow in the distance.

From the pier, head towards the historic Dun Laoghaire town centre, a charming area filled with quaint shops, cafes, and pubs. Take a walk down Marine Road and admire the historic architecture, including the beautiful Georgian-style buildings that line the street.

Next, make your way to the People's Park, a beautiful public park that dates back to the 19th century. The park features a large green space, a Victorian bandstand, and a duck pond. Be sure to check out the Sunday Farmers' Market, which takes place in the park each week and features fresh produce, artisanal foods, and handmade crafts.

After visiting the park, head to the James Joyce Tower and Museum, located in the nearby town of Sandycove. This historic tower was once a defensive fortification, but is now best known as the setting for the opening scene of James Joyce's masterpiece, Ulysses. Explore the museum to learn more about Joyce's life and work, and climb to the top of the tower for stunning views of the coastline.

Finally, end your tour at the National Maritime Museum of Ireland, located near the harbour. This fascinating museum tells the story of Ireland's seafaring heritage, from the Vikings to the present day. Take a stroll through the exhibits and learn about the country's rich maritime history.

The length of this self-guided walking tour around Dun Laoghaire will depend on your pace and the amount of time you spend at each attraction. However, it's estimated that the tour will take approximately 3-4 hours to complete, including time for breaks and exploring each attraction.

Dun Laoghaire Pier to Dun Laoghaire town centre: approximately 1.5 km, 20-25 minutes walking time
Dun Laoghaire town centre to People's Park: approximately 1 km, 15-20 minutes walking time
People's Park to James Joyce Tower and Museum: approximately 3 km (via coastal path), 45-60 minutes walking time
James Joyce Tower and Museum to National Maritime Museum of Ireland: approximately 1.5 km, 20-25 minutes walking time

Thursday, June 29

Liverpool, 8:00 AM - 6:00 PM
Self-Guided Tour or Hop On, Hop Off Bus

Self-guided walking tour around the area of Liverpool near the cruise ship port.

Start your tour at the Liverpool Cruise Terminal, located on the city's waterfront. From there, head towards the Royal Albert Dock, a historic area that is now home to shops, restaurants, and cultural attractions. Take a stroll along the dock and admire the beautiful architecture, including the iconic red-brick buildings and cast-iron pillars.

Next, visit the Beatles Statue, a tribute to Liverpool's most famous musical exports. Located near the dock, the statue features larger-than-life-sized bronze figures of the Fab Four, and is a popular spot for photos.

After visiting the Beatles Statue, head to the Museum of Liverpool, a fascinating institution that tells the story of the city's rich history and culture. Explore the exhibits to learn about Liverpool's maritime heritage, its role in the Industrial Revolution, and its cultural contributions, including the Beatles and other famous musicians.

From the museum, head to St. George's Hall, an impressive Neoclassical building that serves as a venue for concerts and other cultural events. Take a stroll through the beautiful interior, which features marble columns, ornate plasterwork, and a stunning concert hall.

Finally, end your tour at Liverpool ONE, a large shopping and leisure complex located in the heart of the city. Browse the shops, grab a bite to eat at one of the many restaurants, or catch a movie at the cinema.

The length of this self-guided walking tour around Liverpool's cruise ship port area will depend on your pace and the amount of time you spend at each attraction. However, it's estimated that the tour will take approximately 2-3 hours to complete, including time for breaks and exploring each attraction.

Liverpool Cruise Terminal to Royal Albert Dock: approximately 400 metres, 5-10 minutes walking time
Royal Albert Dock to Beatles Statue: approximately 250 metres, 3-5 minutes walking time
Beatles Statue to Museum of Liverpool: approximately 600 metres, 10-15 minutes walking time
Museum of Liverpool to St. George's Hall: approximately 800 metres, 10-15 minutes walking time
St. George's Hall to Liverpool ONE: approximately 700 metres, 10-15 minutes walking time

Friday, June 30

Belfast, 8:00 AM - 9:00 PM
Shore Excursion Giants Causeway (Small Group),
Odyssey Coach Tours, Group #s 073-230228-12, 073-230227-3
Start time - 8:00 AM or immediately after disembarkation

We will depart from Belfast port and travel inland straight to the Giants Causeway where you will spend 1 hour 30 mins at the stones/visitor centre.

We will then make a photo stop at Dunluce castle before making the short journey to Portaneevy with its stunning views of Carrick-A-Rede rope bridge and Rathlin Island.
After leaving Portaneevy we will visit the picturesque seaside town of Ballycastle for a 1 hour lunch stop.We will then travel along the Coast road, one of the most scenic drives in the world. Along the way we will stop in the small fishing village of Carnlough for a short comfort break.
After leaving Carnlough we will make our way back to Belfast along the Coastal route for your extended City Tour before returning to Belfast port in plenty of time for your ship’s departure.
Lunch stop in the quaint little seaside town of Ballycastle (1 hour)

Saturday, July 1

Glasgow (Greenock), 7:00 AM - 6:00 PM

Glasgow Cathedral & Kelvingrove Gallery, Burt, Danny, James, Petra, Stephen
7 hours, 9:15 AM - 4;15 PM

Visit Glasgow Cathedral - the only Scottish cathedral to survive the Protestant Reformation intact. The cathedral also boasts a stunning collection of Postmodern English stained glass. Continue to Kelvingrove Park where you will disembark and tour the world famous Kelvingrove Art Gallery.

Board your motorcoach and travel along the banks of the Clyde to the heart of Glasgow and its magnificent Gothic cathedral. Begun in the year 1136, the cathedral is the only Scottish cathedral to have survived the Scottish Protestant Reformation intact. The cathedral features arcades, buttresses, tracery windows and three vaulted aisles at the presbytery and choir. The church is reputedly built over the site of St. Mungo's original Christian community; the saint's tomb is located in the cathedral's crypt. Glasgow cathedral also boasts a stunning collection of Postmodern English stained glass.

After your visit reboard your motorcoach and travel towards George Square. Disembark your coach in the city center and allow your guide to orient you to all that can be seen as you enjoy a short stroll around George Square. You will then have approximately 90 minutes to explore the city on your own. Be sure to take time to enjoy a delicious traditional lunch at one of the city's many delightful restaurants and pubs. Fish 'n' Chips, anyone?

After your free time, reboard your motorcoach and travel to Kelvingrove Park.

In Kelvingrove Park, you will disembark and tour the world-famous Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum. This imposing red sandstone Victorian structure is one of Glasgow's landmark buildings and the most visited museum in the United Kingdom outside of London. It features ever-changing contemporary exhibits as well as artwork, suits of armor, weaponry and treasures from around the world. Following your visit, board your motorcoach for the return drive to the ship.

Highlights Of Glasgow & Kelvingrove Gallery, Lisa, Marlene
4.5 hours, 8:30AM - 1:00PM
Begin your leisurely, half-day exploration of Glasgow at your pier where you will join a knowledgeable guide and board your motorcoach. Then, follow the River Clyde for your 45-minute drive from Greenock to Scotland's largest city.

Your narrated panoramic tour surveys Glasgow's highlights such as Tolbooth Tower built in 1627 to house the city's council chamber and administrative headquarters. Also view Glasgow Green (the oldest of the city's parks gifted by Bishop Turnbull in 1450) and Kelvingrove Park, created in 1852 by noted English gardener Sir Joseph Paxton.

In Kelvingrove Park, you will disembark and tour the world-famous Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum. This imposing red sandstone Victorian structure is one of Glasgow's landmark buildings and the most visited museum in the United Kingdom outside of London. It features ever-changing contemporary exhibits as well as dinosaurs, suits of armor, weaponry and treasures from around the world.

Visit Cathedral Square for a view of the majestic Glasgow Cathedral, the only cathedral in Scotland to have survived the Reformation intact. This stunning 12th-century medieval church houses one of the finest post-war collections of stained glass windows in Britain.

Have your cameras at the ready as your tour guide accompanies you on a stroll past Provand's Lordship, the only house to survive from the medieval city. Dating from 1471, the city's oldest house features a pitched roof, crow-stepped gables and armorial panels.

Nearby stands an imposing stone building that houses the St. Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art, the only public museum dedicated to examining all the world's major religious faiths.

Following your exploration of Glasgow's highlights, board your motorcoach and contemplate your fascinating and educational adventure during the ride back to your Princess ship at Greenock.

Sunday, July 2

At Sea
Sabatini's Specialty Dinning Reservation for 5:30 PM

Monday, July 3

Invergordon, 7:00 AM - 6:00 PM
Easy Loch Ness Scenic Cruise (Ship Excursion)
7:00 AM - 12:15 PM

Loch Ness
The mysterious loch is 22 miles long, one mile wide and 740 feet deep. Its waters are stained dark brown from peat. Surrounded by picturesque scenery, the main draw is the possibility of catching a rare glimpse of Nessie, the legendary creature said to live in the Loch.

What you will see along the way:
A city driving tour of Inverness is an opportunity to gaze upon the city's celebrated historic sites. As your motorcoach wends its way through the streets, look for such notable structures as the impressive gothic-style Town House; the Georgian tollbooth steeple; Abertarff House, the oldest surviving house in Inverness, with crow-stepped gables; and Falcon Square, anchored by a statue of a unicorn with falcons flying. The sculptor was created by the world-famous sculptor Gerald Laing who lived in a castle which he renovated on the Black Isle. The Laura Ashley building was an old Victorian station building which was demolished. The bricks were then cleaned and the building rebuilt at a different angle.

Photo Opportunity:
Inverness Castle
On a cliff overlooking the River Ness, Inverness Castle is made of red sandstone, which makes it look pink under the sun. Built in 1836, the edifice occupies a site rich with history, where defensive structures have stood since 1057. The castle houses the Sherrif Court and is not open to the public. However the grounds and the castle north tower are. A circular path meanders along the river and offers one of the most beautiful riverside settings in Britain.

Tuesday, July 4

Edinburgh, 7:00 AM - 7:00 PM, Water Shuttle
Easy Edinburgh & National Museum (Ship Excursion)
9:00 AM - 1:30 PM

Board your motorcoach and begin a scenic drive to the city center of enchanting Edinburgh. Alive with culture and history, the capital of Scotland is a thriving city and UNESCO World Heritage Site. As you drive through the charming streets, marvel at the juxtaposition of medieval architecture with modern buildings and delight in the lively culture and classic beauty that is on display around every corner.

On arrival in Edinburgh, visit the National Museum of Scotland on Chambers Street. Entering via the Grand Gallery, allow your tour guide to orient you to all that can be seen within the museum. Feel free to explore the rooms independently or remain with your tour guide who will lead you to 2-3 of the most popular exhibits.

The true heart of the city is medieval Old Town and your tour crosses the Royal Mile, one of the oldest streets in Edinburgh. The Royal Mile connects Edinburgh Castle with the Palace of Holyrood, the official residence of the Queen when in Scotland. This one-mile stretch takes you past a plethora of monuments, landmarks and statues with legendary distinction, such as Canongate, Lawnmarket, the statues of King Charles II and Sir Walter Scott and the stately Parliament Building.

Dominating the top of the Royal Mile, Edinburgh Castle has loomed from its rocky perch for over a millennium. Your tour takes you passed this royal landmark where the Crown Jewels of Scotland are housed.

Catch a glimpse of the splendid St. Giles Cathedral with its magnificent stained glass windows designed in both contemporary and traditional styles. Built during the Gothic-period, the cathedral's most striking design feature is its crowning spires.

Drive around Holyrood Park (subject to road closures), a green oasis of lakes and ponds, and then continue to Arthur's Seat for vistas of the city and the Firth of Forth. This photographic vantage point offers superb views of the city and Edinburgh castle.

New Town, home to elegant Georgian buildings and Princes Street, is Edinburgh's main shopping district.

At the conclusion of your tour, the motorcoach returns to the ship. If time permits and you would like to remain in Edinburgh for independent sightseeing and shopping, you are then responsible for your own transportation to the ship.

 
Wednesday, July 5

At Sea

Thursday, July 6

Paris/Normandy, 7:00 AM - 8:00 PM
Normandy Landing Beaches
7:45 AM - 6:15 PM

Your tour begins as you board your motorcoach for a scenic, 2 ½-hour drive to Courseulles sur Mer along the coast, passing the Juno and Gold landing sites along the way.

You'll arrive at Arromanches Beach, where you'll see remnants of the Mulberry, the artificial harbor where thousands of troops came ashore. Built on the site of the harbor is the Museum of the Landing Day. The museum commemorates the D-Day landings, with models, dioramas and a short film depicting the monumental exploits and heroic sacrifices of Allied forces in Operation Overlord. Before departing for lunch, you'll have free time to browse for souvenirs at the gift shop.

A lunch is served at a local restaurant, with pave d'Isigny salad, chicken supreme a la normande, kir aperitif and wine, on the menu. After a sumptuous meal, you'll continue to Colleville-Sur-Mer, home to the World War II Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial.

Just above Omaha Beach, a place where the American military suffered staggering casualties on D-Day, the American Cemetery is the final resting place of nearly 10,000 servicemen who died during the Normandy campaign. You'll walk between the rows of marble crosses and Stars of David stretching as far as the eye can see, and witness a memorial and chapel that flank the sea of graves. You'll also visit the new Visitors Centre that presents exhibitions on Operation Overlord and focuses on three major themes: the Competence, the Courage and the Sacrifice.

Next, you'll make a photo stop at Omaha Beach. Notoriously, the American troops who landed at Omaha Beach suffered the worst on D-Day. The bombardments before the Landings proved ineffective in wiping out the many German positions in the area. The infantry coming ashore were decimated by German fire across the long beaches. Despite heavy losses, small groups of Americans made it up the slopes and took German positions from behind, so victory was gained, if at heavy human cost.

Your tour concludes with a relaxing drive back to the pier.

Friday, July 7

Southampton, 6:00 AM
Transfer to Heathrow Airport, Pre-purchased from Princess

Stages of Psychosocial Development - Erik Erikson and Church Education

Introduction

Erik Erikson was a psychologist (1902-1994) who identified eight stages through which persons should successfully pass for healthy development. Each stage includes a crisis that, when resolved, provides a foundation for the next stage. While Erikson is not considered a Christian writer, many areas of his work contribute to Christian perspectives on human development and have been adapted for this blog.

Understanding Erikson’s stages can help educators meet the needs of learners in the psychological, social, and spiritual areas of life. The stages include themes such as trust, shame, doubt, guilt, inferiority, identity, and despair. This presentation briefly describes each stage, gives suggestions for church-related responses, and identifies resources for further study. Following is a description of each stage.

Erikson's Stages

Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy): Infants learn to trust or mistrust both their surroundings and caregivers based on whether or not their needs are consistently met.

Erikson identifies the importance of the role of a nurturing parent figure at this stage. One implication is for church nurseries to serve as expressions of warm, safe, and caring maternal environments.

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood): Children develop autonomy as they start asserting their independence. Feelings of shame and doubt emerge when they are held back or discouraged.

At this stage, teachers and leaders in children’s ministry should focus on learning activities that provide opportunities for successful guided play and affirm children for their efforts and accomplishments.

Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool): Children begin taking responsibility for their own actions and develop a sense of initiative, but if they feel that what they are doing is consistently wrong or meets constant disapproval, they feel guilty.

Here, opportunities may be provided for creative play and self-expression. This can be through imagining activities, music (children’s songs), art, blocks, or other objects.

Industry vs. Inferiority (Elementary School): Children develop a sense of competence as they master new skills and tasks, but they may feel inferior if they are unable to do so.

This stage opens opportunities for developing skills and competencies. Children are ready for increased social activities through clubs, groups, and classes as well as participation in sports, music groups, and projects.

Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): Adolescents develop a sense of identity by exploring different roles and possibilities but may experience confusion if they are unable to find a stable sense of self.

Identity exploration is a key theme for this age group. Learning can be through exploration of personal interests (e.g., sports, music, academics), positive role models, youth groups, and sensitivity to emerging gifts, abilities, and career directions.

Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Young adults seek close relationships with others and develop a capacity for committed and loving connections. They may feel lonely and isolated if they are unable to establish meaningful ties.

Individuals at this stage benefit from networking with peers, participation in small groups, and involvement in service projects. For some, guidance may be helpful in building healthy relationships and setting boundaries.

Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): Healthy middle-aged adults hope to contribute to society and future generations through work, family, church, and community involvement. They may feel stagnant and unfulfilled if they do not.

This period of adulthood may be thought of as the backbone of church service. Emphasis is on spiritual service, identifying and using one’s abilities and spiritual gifts, and leadership development.

Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood): Older adults reflect on their lives and feel a sense of integrity if they believe they have lived meaningful and worthwhile lives. They may develop a sense of despair if they feel that they have not.

For those in this stage of their journeys, life review activities can assist them in identifying accomplishments and leaving a positive legacy (e.g., story writing, journaling, mentoring). Many also benefit from church and community involvement as volunteers.

Application and Summary

Understanding Erikson’s stages can help Christian educators identify age-appropriate curriculum content. Related theological topics include trust, being created in God’s image, vocation, grace, forgiveness, discipleship, community, belonging, stewardship, hope, and eternal life.

This presentation has provided a summary of Erik Erikson’s stages of development. It has also linked some of the stages with educational and theological implications with the hope that teachers will reflect on teaching strategies with sensitivity and respect for the developmental stages of their learners.

Selected Resources

• Erikson, Erik. Childhood and Society. https://amzn.to/42Nvwpp
• Erikson, Erik. Identity: Youth and Crisis. https://amzn.to/3lOtaGl
• Erikson, Erik. Vital Involvement in Old Age. https://amzn.to/3Zsz4L0
• Fowler, James W. Stages of Faith. https://amzn.to/42P22aI

Supplementary online resources include ChatGPT, Google Search, Google Bard, and Wikipedia

YouTube version of this blog: https://youtu.be/NmgpVOM2-wc

Church and School Education (CASE) Resources is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, affiliate advertising designed to provide a means for sites to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com.

Advice to Teachers and Small Group Leaders

As a senior teacher and leader, there have been times when I have been asked to provide advice to those who lead teaching and learning groups. Following are selected suggestions for leaders in church education settings. This guidance is given with the hope of helping leaders develop healthy, relational, and group-oriented climates. The main points of this blog are inspired by the writings of Paulo Freire (1921-1997), especially his journal article, “To the Coordinator of a ‘Cultural Circle.’”

Be boldly Christian
As Jesus is faithful and active in the lives of his people, so we as teachers or group leaders are to be faithful and active in the lives of the participants in our group. This means showing love, encouragement, and affirmation. Being boldly Christian means, to me, not hesitating to share a passage from Scripture, being up-front in speaking a word of testimony, offering to pray together, and doing acts of kindness.
 

Focus on transformation
Our goal is to work with God for the transformation of lives. Education is more than the transmission of information: it is for life change. Paul refers to this sort of thing when says, “Be transformed by the renewing of your mind” (Romans 12:2).

Serve others
We want to aim at relating to learners from the perspective of a humble servant-leader. Knowledge “puffs up” and can create attitudes that are contrary to the sacrificial nature of Gospel ministry. We must treat each person with grace, warmth, and dignity; show respect for each person by recognizing them personally, remember things about them and refer to each person by name; compliment and encourage. We are not leading the group for our own gratification but for their development. Believers have a “continuing debt to love one another” (Romans 13:8). 

Build community
We are trying to develop a community-centered group rather than a teacher-centered group. Other terms for describing the group could be fellowship-centered, relationship-centered, person-centered, or activity-centered, anything but teacher-centered or leader-centered. This is based on the words of Jesus, “Whoever would be great among you must be your servant” (Matthew 20:26).
We want to aim at relating to learners from the perspective of a humble servant-leader. Knowledge “puffs up” and can create attitudes that are contrary to the sacrificial nature of Gospel ministry. We must treat each person with grace, warmth, and dignity; show respect for each person by recognizing them personally, remember things about them and refer to each person by name; compliment and encourage. We are not leading the group for our own gratification but for their development. Believers have a “continuing debt to love one another” (Romans 13:8).
 
Cultivate participation
As much as possible, we should ensure that everyone participates. This is done through open communication, honest and authentic relationships, and a climate of warmth and acceptance. When asking questions, ask them of the entire group. Have the goal of developing balanced participation but feel free, as well, to direct questions to specific individuals who may need personal attention. Where necessary, help those who are overly talkative to learn to be good listeners.
 
Be a life-long learner
Even though we are leading the class or group, and even though we may have a mature understanding of the topics being studied and discussed, we ought not to be slaves to our own understanding and interpretation of the topic being discussed. Let us not force a group to conform to our conclusions, preconceptions, or planned outcomes. Allow breathing space for the teaching ministry of the Holy Spirit, not only in the lives of participants but in our lives as well.
 
Be a person of integrity
We should model in our lives what we expect to see in the lives of those in our classes or groups. For example, if we expect group members to be punctual, we should begin and end each meeting on time. If we want to communicate Kingdom values, we will work at being the embodiment of Scripture, such as the following passages, during our class or group meetings as well as outside of class or the group.

• “Love one another as I have loved you” (John 13:34).

• “To act justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly with your God” (Micah 6:8).

• “Whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable—if anything is excellent or praiseworthy—think about such things…” (Philippians 4:8-9).

• “But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control” (Galatians 5:22-23).

 
Create a positive learning climate
Class or group meetings should be filled with hope, discovery, and encouragement. Ensure that participants leave each meeting having been enriched. No matter what the topic under consideration, little is accomplished by a dominating leader, an overwhelming amount of information, confusing or poorly organized materials, or overly difficult content. Help the group reflect on a topic so that they are not only informed but also inspired, encouraged, and strengthened. Bring closure to each meeting in ways that leave members with positive perspectives on the topics that were discussed, on themselves, and on the world to which they are being sent as God’s messengers. As a result of class time, participants should be strengthened and encouraged in their faith (I Thessalonians 3:2). This is education that transforms.

Summary
In one translation, the Bible says, “But the goal of our instruction is love from a pure heart and a good conscience and a sincere faith” (1 Timothy 1:5 NASB). This is a good summary of the intentions of Christian teaching and small group ministry. Our time together is to be with love, from a pure heart, good conscience, and sincere faith. Teachers and small group leaders have the privilege of doing this: by being boldly Christian, focusing on transformation, building community, cultivating participation, serving others, being life-long learners, having integrity, and creating a positive learning climate.
 
Resources
Freire, Paulo, “To the coordinator of a ‘cultural circle.’“Convergence; Toronto, Vol. 4, Issue 1 (Jan. 1, 1971: 61).
Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. https://amzn.to/3ZQSqtV

Supplementary online resources include ChatGPT, Google, and Wikipedia
YouTube version of this blog: https://youtu.be/KUP3sXlpNdA

Church and School Education (CASE) Resources is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, affiliate advertising designed to provide a means for sites to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com.
 

The Church is Not a School

This presentation identifies selected biblical foundations of church education in order to identify differences between church education and school education.  The contrasts are made as generalizations. They are not criticisms of schools and may not be true in every situation. Rather, these contrasts provide a perspective on the uniqueness of content and methods to help church educators better understand their ministry and mission. Contrasts are made in the areas of content, focus, structure, climate, methodology, credentials, relationship to life, and evaluation.

We begin with Bible passages that are related to the education of God's people. These are followed by definitions of the church, of education (especially as it relates to schooling), and then of church education. 

Several Bible passages are foundational to the curriculum of church education. Among these include the following.

Deuteronomy 6:6-9 6. “These commandments that I give you today are to be on your hearts. Impress them on your children. Talk about them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down and when you get up. Tie them as symbols on your hands and bind them on your foreheads. Write them on the doorframes of your houses and on your gates.”

Matthew 28:19-20 19. “Therefore, go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age."

Ephesians 4:11-13 11. “So Christ himself gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the pastors and teachers, to equip his people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up. until we all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ.”

Having identified key Bible passages, we can now define the terms "church," "education," "education," and "church education."

I understand the church to be the fellowship of those who profess faith in Jesus Christ, along with their children. Church includes preaching and teaching the Word of God, practicing the spiritual disciplines found in Scripture, seeking to share the Gospel with others in order to advance the Kingdom, and celebrating the sacraments of Baptism and the Lord’s Supper. 

Education may be defined as the deliberate effort of individuals to search for, acquire, and transmit knowledge, equip themselves for responsibilities in society, and participate in processes of self-discovery and self-expression.

Church education is the teaching ministry of the local congregation which, by the power of the Holy Spirit, enables individuals to know God through the redemptive work of Jesus Christ and to grow in His likeness.

It guides the growth of believers and their children according to Scripture and the unique gifts and abilities that God has given. 

It equips them to serve God in the church and in every area of life according to His Word.

Depending on the context and time period, church education has also been referred to by titles such as discipleship, spiritual formation, Sunday School, catechism, and children’s ministry, youth ministry, or adult ministry.

Following are selected contrasts between church education and school education.

   Area                                Church Education                 School Education

1. Content                        Bible/theology-related            Culture

2. Focus                           Family and Community          Individual learners

3. Structure                      Community                             Age/grade separated

4. Climate                        Cooperation                            Competition

5. Methodology                Participation                            Telling & assigning

6. Credentials                  Spiritual nurture                       Tests & degrees

7. Relationship to life       Life application                        Preparation for life

8. Evaluation                    Spiritual fruit                           Cognitive learning

Summary

This presentation has defined and made contrasts between church education and school education. It has also provided several Bible passages that are foundational to the teaching ministry of the church.

The emphasis has been on the unique nature of teaching and learning in the church. Church education can benefit from many of the processes associated with school education. But, church educators are encouraged to note that there are many spiritual and structural qualities associated with church education that distinguish it from schooling.

This blog is also available as a YouTube video by clicking here. 

Selected Resources

Groome, T. Christian Religious Education https://amzn.to/3ZGxO8r

Richards, L. A Theology of Christian Education  https://amzn.to/3iRyiI9

Srinivasan, L. Perspectives on Nonformal Adult Learning (out of print)

Ward, T. Putting Non-Formal Education to Work  http://www.wardarchives.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Putting-Nonformal-Education-to-Work-Interview-1987.pdf

Ward, T. and Herzog, W. Effective Learning in Non-Formal Education   https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAB028.pdf

Supplementary online resources include ChatGPT, Google, and Wikipedia

 

Relational Theories and Practices for Teaching and Learning

This blog is for helping group members grow in their knowledge of one another and ability to function as an effective group. Included are two theories and a variety of representative discussion activities.

The theories are the Johri Window and the Tuckman Model. The discussion activities follow the general progression of the above theories, beginning with questions and activities for group members who are new to one another and moving the group toward mature relationships and performance.

The “Window” is an approach used to help group members better understand themselves and each other. This theory suggests that there are four areas of our lives that influence our relationships with others.

1. The Arena/Open Area: attitudes and behaviors of which we are aware that are also known to others.
2. The Blind Spot Area: things about us that are known to others but not seen in us by ourselves.
3. The Façade/Hidden Area: characteristics of ourselves that are known to us but not to other group members.
4. The Unknown Area: aspects of who we are that are not known (or understood) by ourselves or others.
Application: group trust and performance improve as group members learn about themselves and others.

Tuckman’s Theory
Tuckman’s model describes the process of group relational and functional development. The theory states that it is normal for healthy groups to go through five stages. These are:

1. Forming – getting acquainted, identifying group purpose and norms
2. Storming – recognizing and adjusting to conflicting perspectives
3. Norming – working together cohesively
4. Performing – high level of functioning
5. Adjourning – closure and celebration of success

Application: Being aware of the five stages can help group leaders and participants function with improved interaction, satisfaction, and productivity.

Discussion Activities for Group Development
The discussion activities that follow are based on the stages of development in the Johari Window and Tuckman’s Theory. They begin with questions and activities for group members who are new to one another, progress toward mature relationships and performance, and end with processes for group closure.

Forming and Open Area – Sentence Completions
Ask group members to compete a few of these during your first meetings.
1. I am from...
2. I work at...
3. My family is made up of...
4. I spend weekends...
5. In my free time, I like to…
6. I feel most cared for when...
7. The important people in my life are...

Forming Activity – Sharing Names and Interests
Arrange participants in small groups (3-5 persons) and have each person say their name and write it on a piece of paper (or newsprint, poster board, or whiteboard) and tell something about themselves (e.g., family, hobbies, special interests, etc.). After each has shared name and interests, go around the circle and have each person say the name and interests of the other persons. This may be followed by a few minutes of open discussion.

Storming, Norming, and Hidden Activity
1. List some of things that you hope this group might do or try to do. Be as specific as possible.
2. Name three things that you hope to gain as a result of being involved in this group.
3. Say what you think the group should have a right to expect from its members.
4. Tell what (skills, abilities, leadership, jobs) you are willing to contribute to the group.

Storming, Norming, and Hidden Activity
Discuss and give an example of which of the following word-sets (or combination of word-sets) best describes you at school or when you last were a student:
• closed/open,
• listener/talker,
• hearer/doer,
• creative/traditional,
• activities/knowledge,
• giver/taker.

Performing and Hidden Area Activities
1. Share a high point and/or a low point in your life during this past week and tell why.
2. If you were to die tonight: What would people remember about you? What would you want people to forget about you?
3. Who made the biggest positive difference in your life?
4. What event, activity, or idea made the greatest impact on your development?

Adjourning, Blind, or Hidden Area Questions
1. Is there anything that needs to be resolved, discussed, dealt with, or expressed before our time together is over?
2. What feelings do you want to express about the group winding up its activities or about the ending of this group?
3. How have you grown as a person while in this group?

Adjourning, Blind, and Hidden Activity
Allow time for individuals to talk one on one (groups of 2s or 3s) about their shared relationship. Suggest that they respond to phrases like:
1. It was nice when you said...
2. I was surprised to hear you talk about...
3. Something I really like about you is...
4. One time I noticed you...
5. I would enjoy talking with you more about...

Summary
We have explored the dynamics involved in group growth and development. The Johri Window and the Tuckman Model were used to illustrate the importance of self-disclosure and group relational maturity. Questions and activities were provided as vehicles for prompting healthy understanding, acceptance, adjustment, and performance.

The challenge that remains is for you to use these questions and activities with a group.

This information is also available as a YouTube video.

Following are recommended resources for building on the information in this presentation as well as references to sources that were used.

Resources

-- Blanchard. The One Minute Manager Builds High Performing Teams.

- - Coleman. Serendipity Bible: for Personal and Group Study.

- - Rydberg. Building Communit inYouth Groups.

References

- -Johari Window: Developed by psychologists Joseph Luft (1916–2014) and Harrington Ingham (1916–1995) in 1955, the term “Johari” is a combination of their first names. Material in this presentation is taken from the web site communicationtheory.org: https://www.communicationtheory.org/the-johari-window-model/

- -Tuckman’s Theory: Created by Bruce Tuckman in 1965. Material in this presentation is based on the following online article. https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/hrstrategicprojectmanagementtheory/chapter/4-6-in-depth-look-tuckmans-model-five-stages-of-team-development/

Biblical Principles for Small Groups

Christians need each other. We were created for community and fellowship with God and one another through Jesus Christ.

This blog shares selected quotes from the classic book, Life Together, by Dietrich Bonhoeffer (1906-1945). I think of these quotes as operating principles for small groups.

Dietrich Bonhoeffer wrote the book, Life Together (1938), to encourage biblical community living among theological students. He was a German Lutheran pastor, who was executed in 1945 because of his anti-Nazi resistance.

Here are some of the quotes that have been helpful to me in thinking about doing life together in small group settings.

Christians Need Each Other: The physical presence of other Christians is a source of incomparable joy and strength to the believer (p.19).

Christ is Central: Christianity means community through Jesus Christ and in Jesus Christ… We belong to one another only through and in Jesus Christ… a Christian needs others because of Jesus Christ… a Christian comes to others only through Jesus Christ… in Jesus Christ we have been chosen from eternity, accepted in time, and united for eternity (p. 21).

Mutual Respect: God does not will that I should fashion the other person according to the image that seems good to me, that is, in my own image; rather in his very freedom from me, God made this person in His image… Strong and weak, wise and foolish, gifted or ungifted… The diverse individuals in the community, are no longer incentives for talking and judging and condemning… They are, rather, cause for rejoicing in one another and serving one another (p. 93).

Listening: The first service that one owes to others in the fellowship consists in listening to them. Just as love to God begins with listening to His Word, so the beginning of love for one another is learning to listen to them… listening can be a greater service than speaking… We should listen with the ears of God that we may speak the Word of God (pp. 97, 99).

Helpfulness: This means, initially, simple assistance in trifling, external matters. There is a multitude of these things wherever people live together. Nobody is too good for the meanest (most menial) service… (p. 99).

Bearing Each Other’s Burdens: “Believers bear one another’s burdens” (Gal. 6:2)… The Christian… must bear the burden of a brother or sister. They must suffer and endure each other. It is only when he or she is a burden that another person is really a brother or sister and not merely an object to be manipulated (p. 100).

Speaking the Word of God: What we are concerned with here is the free communication of the Word from person to person, not by the ordained ministry which is bound to a particular office, time, and place. We are thinking of that unique situation in which one person bears witness in human words to another (p. 101).

Spiritual Authority: Jesus made authority in the fellowship dependent upon service to one another. Genuine spiritual authority is to be found only where the ministry of hearing, helping, bearing, and proclaiming is carried out (p. 108).

This has been an overview of principles for Christian small groups. These selected concepts include: Christians needing each other; Christ being central; mutual respect; listening; helpfulness; bearing each other's burdens; speaking God’s word; and spiritual authority.

This blog has provided some of the quotes that have been helpful to me in thinking about doing life together in small group settings. The book, Life Together, may be purchased by clicking here or from the Virtual Resource Center. It may also be viewed as a YouTube video.

Church and School Education (CASE) Resources is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.